Analog vs Digital
Analog uses an infinite number of inputs, whereas digital is only 2 inputs.
The pros and cons
Analog can have a hard time with noise in the inputs as it can be hard to interpret what is being broadcast. Whereas in digital in is only 2 inputs which can be easily interpreted even if the input has been slightly messed up.
One way we can see this is in photography. When using film cameras, the film is exposed to the light during this the light darkens parts of the film. The more light the darker certain areas of the film will get and the areas with less light will stay clearer in the film. With digital cameras, the photo processor converts the image into 1s and 0s. Then these ones and zeros are interpreted by the screen and given a color. each pixel decodes the ones and zeros in order to make up a bigger picture with all of these small pixels.